Lesson 10: Pushbutton Toggle with ESP32

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 Learning Objectives

  • Learn how to use a pushbutton as input with the ESP32 in Wokwi.

  • Understand the concept of state toggling (press once = ON, press again = OFF).

  • Learn about debouncing to avoid false button presses.

  • Simulate the project online without physical hardware.

What You’ll Need in Wokwi

  • ESP32 board

  • Pushbutton

  • LED

  • Resistor (220Ω for LED, 10kΩ for button pull-down if needed — but we’ll use INPUT_PULLUP in code)

  • Wires

Steps in Wokwi

  1. Go to https://wokwi.com.

  2. Start a new project → Select ESP32.

  3. Add the following parts from the Add Part (+) menu:

    • 1 LED

    • 1 Pushbutton

    • 2 resistors (optional if not using internal pull-up)

  4. Wire the circuit as follows:

    • LED anode (+) → GPIO 14 of ESP32

    • LED cathode (–) → resistor → GND

    • Pushbutton one leg → GPIO 12 of ESP32

    • Pushbutton opposite leg → GND

  5. Replace the default code with the following program. 

By learning how to detect button presses, control an LED, and even modify the logic to create a toggle with debouncing, you’ve taken an important step toward building more interactive and practical electronic projects. These basic principles are the foundation for countless real-world applications, from home automation to IoT systems


CODE:

#include <Arduino.h>  // Ensures ESP32 recognizes Arduino functions

#define LED_PIN 14
#define BUTTON_PIN 12


void setup() {
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // Enable internal pull-up resistor
}

void loop() {
  int buttonState = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN); // Read button

  if (buttonState == LOW) { // Button pressed
    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH); // Turn LED on
  } else {
    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW); // Turn LED off
  }
}


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